Due to the growing significance of structural theories concerning the composite structure analysed and designed plastically, this paper introduces a new optimisation method for controlling the plastic ...

Shaped steel reinforced concrete composite columns (SRCC) are extensively employed in bridge engineering, water conservancy and hydropower, and housing construction owing to their cost-effectiveness, ...

Over the decades, ASTM shear test methods, from lamina-level to multidirectional laminate-level, have continued to evolve as composite applications require higher shear strengths.