In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...

The very basics of operational amplifiers. Learn comparator, inverting, and non-inverting op-amp configurations. An operational amplifier, or op amp, is a dc-coupled high-gain electronic voltage ...

My hands-on introduction to operational amplifiers was in 1969 while in the army as a junior scientist in the Atmospheric Science Laboratory at the White Sands Proving Grounds. We had taken a ...

Many single-supply operational amplifiers are capable of rail-to-rail input operation, if they have the proper input circuitry to support this function. This article is an expansion of the blog post ...

In the first article about measurement systems we looked at sensors as a way to bring data into a measurement system. I explained that a sensor measures physical quantities which are turned into a ...

This file type includes high-resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. Most data-acquisition systems with wide dynamic range need a method of adjusting the input-signal level to the ...