Many environmental sampling is often observed multiple spatially correlated variables at a given geographical location. For instance, multiple topsoil heavy metal concentrations, such as cadmium, zinc ...

Finite mixture models represent complex data by combining several simple probability distributions, each weighted by a mixing proportion. This framework captures heterogeneity in populations or ...

Although deep learning-based methods have demonstrated promising results in estimating the RUL, most methods consider that each time step's features hold equal importance. When data with varying ...