President Donald Trump has called for a “new” census that excludes undocumented migrants from its count. If this new census were realized and used for the core functions of the current one — determining how seats in the Electoral College and the US House of Representatives are apportioned and how some federal funding is distributed — it would have wide-ranging implications for the US.

Republicans believe population increases in red states, such as Texas, would offset losses from not counting immigrants who lack legal status.

States with large undocumented populations like California and Texas would see their political power diminished if people in the U.S. illegally were omitted from the official population count.