So perplexity represents the number of sides of a fair die that when rolled, produces a sequence with the same entropy as your given probability distribution. Number of States OK, so now that we have an intuitive definition of perplexity, let's take a quick look at how it is affected by the number of states in a model.

Perplexity相当于Google的话，它少了很多广告，而且更加智能，类似于GPT+搜索。也就是最近OpenAI宣布的SearchGPT一样。 也就是最近OpenAI宣布的SearchGPT一样。 目前Perplexity是比较主流的AI搜索引擎，对于研究者很友好，内容比较实时，找引用也方便。

In the Coursera NLP course , Dan Jurafsky calculates the following perplexity: Operator(1 in 4) Sales(1 in 4) Technical Support(1 in 4) 30,000 names(1 in 120,000 each) He says the Perplexity is 53...

Perplexity相当于Google的话，它少了很多广告，而且更加智能，类似于 GPT+搜索。也就是最近OpenAI宣布的SearchGPT一样。目前Perplexity是比较主流的AI搜索引擎，对于研究者很友好，内容比较实时，找引用也方便。

Jan 12, 2018 · Having negative perplexity apparently is due to infinitesimal probabilities being converted to the log scale automatically by Gensim, but even though a lower perplexity is desired, the lower bound value denotes deterioration (according to this), so the lower bound value of perplexity is deteriorating with a larger number of topics in my figures ...

Nov 28, 2018 · The perplexity can be interpreted as a smooth measure of the effective number of neighbors. The performance of SNE is fairly robust to changes in the perplexity, and typical values are between 5 and 50. What this effective number of neighbors would mean? Should I understand perplexity value as expected number of nearest neighbors to the point ...

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The perplexity, used by convention in language modeling, is monotonically decreasing in the likelihood of the test data, and is algebraicly equivalent to the inverse of the geometric mean per-word likelihood. A lower perplexity score indicates better generalization performance. I.e, a lower perplexity indicates that the data are more likely.

Perplexity is seen as a good measure of performance for LDA. The idea is that you keep a holdout sample, train your LDA on the rest of the data, then calculate the perplexity of the holdout. The perplexity could be given by the formula: